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Influence of Bleaching Stages and Dyeing Process on Changes in a Selected Heavy Metal Content in Flax Fibres

Research and development

Authors:

  • Matyjas-Zgondek Edyta
    Department of Man-Made Fibres and European Centre of Bio- and Nano-Technology, Technical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
  • Szynkowska Małgorzata I.
    Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Technical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland
  • Pawlaczyk Aleksandra (j/w)
  • Rybicki Edward
    Department of Man-Made Fibres and European Centre of Bio- and Nano-Technology, Technical University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland

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Abstract:

Raw flax fibres consist of over 70% cellulose, over 20% hemicelluloses, pectins and lignins, 2.5% wax and fat, and 3% proteins. Non-cellulosic substances constitute a glue connecting elementary fibres. Because of the huge content of hydrophobic substances, raw flax fibres are difficult to wet by water. There is a necessity of removing hydrophobic substances
from fibres before further chemical treatments. Classical bleaching of flax woven fabric is a long-running process that includes four stages, each starting from the scouring process in an alkaline bath. In order to obtain full whiteness, there is a necessity of carrying out four full stages of scouring and bleaching. The results of changes in a selected heavy metal content in flax fibres after a particular bleaching stage and dyeing process were shown. The content of heavy metals in flax fibres was determined using the qualitative (ICP-MS) and semi-qualitative (LA-ICP-ToF-MS) methods. Also changes in the content of extractable elements to artificial acid sweat was determined. The content of selected metals in flax fibres fell with a decrease in non-cellulosic polysaccharide content in the fibres. The important influence of dye fixation on the extractable copper content was also shown.

Tags:

flax, heavy metals content, ICP measurements, bleaching, dyeing.

Citation:

Matyjas-Zgondek E, Szynkowska MI, Pawlaczyk A, Rybicki E. Influence of Bleaching Stages and Dyeing Process on Changes in a Selected Heavy Metal Content in Flax Fibres. FIBRES & TEXTILES in Eastern Europe 2012; 20, 2(91): 91-95.

Published in issue no 2 (91) / 2012, pages 91–95.

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